Focussing More on Listening Skills is Essential for Any Language Learner

Focussing more on your listening skills will undoubtedly have an enormous impact on your ability to learn to speak a new language. Of course, you can study the grammar, practice the pronunciation, work tirelessly at remembering new vocabulary but unless you are using your listening skills to drive your speaking skills your speaking will only develop with difficulty.  This is because listening informs you about so many things that can be learned in no other way.

Working with your listening skills must be a top priority for anyone who wants to become really good at speaking a second language. There are some who seem to do that  and as a result they sound "pretty good". We all used our listening skills in to get the results we did when we learned our first language. That is one key reason why we all master our first language.

For a variety of reasons our focus on these skills declines or gets "distratcted". Whatever the reason may be, it is important to understand that listening skills are just that, skills. They can be, like any other skill, be exercised.  And as we do that, we hear more. Many people may believe we are stuck with skills we have. That is why we hear things like, “ I have no ear for languages”. Well you may not now, but there is no reason why that can't be changed. 

Two Types of Listening Skills

It is helpful in terms of learning a language to create a distinction. It is important because it will help us better understand how we can better exercise these skills. So let's have a look at the two.

General Listening Skills

There are our general listening skills, such as when we listen to someone tell us about something or other. These skills operate typically at the level of meaning. General listening skills depend upon a number of factors.

How relaxed and self confident you are as a person is one of them. People who display these characteristics tend not to be trying to prove anything to themselves or someone else, So they are more likely to listen to what is actually said rather than what they want to hear.

Contrasted to these people there are those who are more interested in their own ideas and ensuring people understand that, rather than understanding clearly what other people are trying to say. They are generally poor listeners, as they don't separate what they hear from what they are thinking about or how they believe the world ought to be.

Your general listening skills also depend on our how open you are and ready to learn from everything you come across. If your interests are wide, then everything has its inherent interest in terms of understanding the world and your place in it. This kind of attitude will typically help in the general listening skills department.

Contrasted to these people are those who have narrow or particular interests and aren’t so much interested what happens outside of them or outside their range of interests. They typically tend to turn off around conversations and topics outside of their interests. This will not be of much help as you seek to extend your grasp of the new language.

General listening skills include something that is not generally talked about and that is listening to yourself. Listening to yourself is as important as listening to others. It is what enables us to monitor what we say and check it against what we mean to say. How many times have you caught yourself thinking, "That's not what I meant to say”, and then adjusting what you said. 

Occasional work in these areas is not enough. Well developed skills in this area are in fact are essential for success. These skills can be developed by anyone who is keen to learn so that improvement will continue to happen. So many people get stuck and are unable to progress because they have not yet mastered this skill. 

Clearly both the general and the focused variety of listening skills are important in learning a language. Good general listening skills are really important for getting into the meaning of what you are hearing, whilst the other is required to develop accuracy in how we express ourselves at the grammatical and phonemic levels.

Take a moment out and reflect on your general and focussed listening skills.

• Do you think you listen well?
• Do people tell you that you are a good listener?
• Are you able to find differences in what you hear others say and what you say in the various areas - pronunciation, structure, vocabulary usage, etc 

If you think your skills could be improved on, I encourage you to start working on them.

Improving your general listening skills. 

You can do that any time, even in your first language. Developing good listening skills in this area primarily depends upon you getting out of your way. Everything you need is already there. What is stopping you hearing what is said can be factors like:

• not being present and having your attention wander. This can be caused by a lack of interest or just a habit that has formed whereby your ability to concentrate is limited.
• having such strong adherences to your ideas and beliefs that they prevent you hearing what others are really saying. So either your hearing gets turned off or you add your thoughts to what they say as they say it. That way you can never really hear what others are saying.
  You don’t need to take on what they say. It is all about understanding what they say from their perspective.  Once you do that, then you can consider that from your own perspective.
• having fears and concerns about yourself, your situation and their situation that colour what you hear. An example of this would be the fear that you might say the wrong thing when you respond to what someone is saying, so your thoughts can get so consumed by that it prevents any real listening.

Learn to take yourself out of the equation when you are listening and focus on what you are hearing. IF you get easily distracted, bring yourself back to what you are listening to. If you find yourself not listening, learn to refocus or interrupt what is happening within yourself (and possibly outside)  The more you learn to stay present in your hearing, the better it will become. For learning languages, this is critical.

You are the one who needs to identify if there is an issue here that really is preventing you listening well. Any of these issues can be turned around, if that is what you really want to do. We all started off with an exceptional listening prowess. That can be found again. Improving your listening so you hear more and clearer what the other says can and does make a large difference to your language learning ability.

Improving on your Focused listening Skills

Let's have a look at one example of what one can do to improve these listening skills.

First thing to do here is to choose something you wish to work on. Start with something as small as you can make it. A sound you have been struggling with, perhaps the articles in English (a / an / the) for example (many English language learners struggle with them).

Set aside a little time each day, it only needs to be a few minutes at a time to begin with, as long as you are concentrated on what you are doing.

So decide for short time to listen for what you have settled on. Let's take the example of the /ei/ sound, as in "make". It does not matter at this point whether it is a problem or not for you.

Sit down and focus fully on what you are hearing and just listen for that. Nothing else. Block out all thoughts, don’t listen for the meaning…just listen for that sound and its sound environment. Does the /m/ or the /k/ before or after the word affect the /ei/ in some way?

• How many times did you hear the sound?
• Do you think you missed some?
• What did it sound like? The same every time?
• Did the sound change as the word it was used in changed?
• Did it sound like you say it?
• Do you suspect now that there may be a little difference?

Now it is time to put your listening into yourself. Tell "me" a story about your day. Try to be as relaxed and as natural as you can. What did you do, in what order? Did you enjoy what you did? Were there any issues? Who did you meet, etc etc.

While you are doing that listen to yourself and see if you can catch yourself saying that sound. Go through the same questions as above. What did you find? 

Which one of the two parts of the exercise did you find more difficult? I would suggest, if difficulties come, it is because you are not used to doing it. These too are listening skills that can be improved on. 

Improving your listening skills is all about presence and focus. You have to “be there” to be able to notice. We do that normally usually in response to situations we find ourselves in. Here we need to learn to consciously choose for ourselves what we need to focus on. 

When we are speaking it is all about the ability to divide our attention. Again we normally do that in our lives when we are speaking and checking ourselves to make sure that what we are saying is clear, etc . In the context of learning a language the difference is making a conscious choice to listen for something. Most people are not used to do that. 

We need to start off slow and over time build up these muscles through working them.

Extending these exercises over longer periods of time can help you improve your listening skills as you are learning to focus your attention to get a result. Do them often enough and you will be on the way to automating these improvements. A big step forward in your learning the language of your choice.